International Journal of Medical Investigation
Int J Med Invest
Medical Sciences
http://intjmi.com
1
admin
2322-2913
2345-640x
no
no
14
8888
13
en
jalali
1396
3
1
gregorian
2017
6
1
6
2
online
1
fulltext
en
Faking and counterfeiting of drugs: Evaluation of Pharmacy Regulatory, Privatisation, Social Welfare Services and Its Alternatives of Sudan
عمومى
General
مروری
Review
The strategy of price liberalisation and privatisation had been implemented in Sudan over the last decade, and has had a positive result on government deficit. The investment law approved recently has good statements and rules on the above strategy in particular to pharmacy regulations. Under the pressure of the new privatisation policy, the government introduced radical changes in the pharmacy regulations. To improve the effectiveness of the public pharmacy, resources should be switched towards areas of need, reducing inequalities and promoting better health conditions. Medicines are financed either through cost sharing or full private. The role of the private services is significant. A review of reform of financing medicines in Sudan is given in this study. Also, it highlights the current drug supply system in the public sector, which is currently responsibility of the Central Medical Supplies Public Corporation (CMS). In Sudan, the researchers did not identify any rigorous evaluations or quantitative studies about the impact of drug regulations on the quality of medicines and how to protect public health against counterfeit or low quality medicines, although it is practically possible. However, the regulations must be continually evaluated to ensure the public health is protected against by marketing high quality medicines rather than commercial interests, and the drug companies are held accountable for their conduct.
Counterfeits medicines, drug importers, quality of medicines, regulatory authorities
29
45
http://intjmi.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-170&slc_lang=en&sid=1
Abdeen Mustafa
Omer
10031947532846002778
10031947532846002778
Yes
Occupational Health Administration, Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan
en
Awareness of Medical Interns and Trainees about Technics of Controlling and Prevention from Nosocomial Infections
عمومى
General
پژوهشي
Research
Aim: This study was done to evaluate the awareness of medical interns and trainees about technics of controlling and prevention from nosocomial infections. Methods: In this cross-sectional research, 252 medical interns and trainees (92 boys and 160 girls) from Shiraz and Fasā medical universities were selected. 37 multiple choice questionnaires were prepared and distributed among them to assess their awareness. Results: 33% of students were in low group, 50% were in mean group, and 17% were in the favorite awareness group. About recognizing ethanol application in hospital, awareness was in mean level. There was more favorite data about application of safety box for sterilization, removal of needles and syringes for injection, and 62.8% of trainees and 60% of interns knew their usage. Conclusion: we concluded that for medical and para-medical students and staff to pass the training courses of nosocomial infections control practices.
Trainees, Technics, infections
46
49
http://intjmi.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-171&slc_lang=en&sid=1
Vahid
Avazzadeh
10031947532846002779
10031947532846002779
No
Department Of Infectious Disease, Mazandaran University Of Medical Sciences, Sari, IRAN
Sahar
Azadeh
10031947532846002780
10031947532846002780
No
Department Of Infectious Disease, Mazandaran University Of Medical Sciences, Sari, IRAN
Bahram
Movahed Nouri
10031947532846002781
10031947532846002781
No
Department Of Pharmacology, Shiraz University Of Medical Sciences, Shiraz ,IRAN
Farhood
Nikoie
10031947532846002782
10031947532846002782
No
Department Of Social Medicine, Fasa University Of Medical Sciences, Shiraz ,IRAN
Seyyede Masoume
Pashaei
10031947532846002783
10031947532846002783
Yes
Department Of Emergency Medicine, Mazandaran University Of Medical Sciences, Sari, IRAN
en
Subungual Exostosis In A Thumb: A Rare Case Report In A Child
عمومى
General
گزارش مورد
case report
Subungual exostosis is a benign osteocartilaginous tumor that mostly occurs in female gender. In present article, we aimed to describe a child (male) which was suffering from rarely subungual exostosis in a toe. A 12 years old boy presented with painful 12cm nodule since 6 month ago. Radiography (see figure 2) demonstrated a bony lesion with a broad-based contiguous cortex. The lesion surgically excised and the “Subungual Exostosis” confirmed histologically. According to next follow up, patient did not mention any recurrences.
Subungual, Exostosis, Thumb, Child, Case Report
50
52
http://intjmi.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-172&slc_lang=en&sid=1
Masoud
Shayesteh Azar
10031947532846002784
10031947532846002784
No
1Associate professor of orthopedic surgery, Orthopedic Research center, Mazandaran university of medical science, Sari, Iran
Sadegh
Taheri
10031947532846002785
10031947532846002785
Yes
2Orthopedic resident, Orthopedic Research center, Student Research Committee, Mazandaran university of medical science, Sari, Iran
Hamed
Jafarpour
10031947532846002786
10031947532846002786
No
Medical Student, Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
Shadi
Shayesteh Azar
10031947532846002787
10031947532846002787
No
Medical Student, Ramsar International University, Mazandaran, Iran
Fatemeh
Mohammadnezhad
10031947532846002788
10031947532846002788
No
MA in Clinical Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Mazandaran, Iran.
en
The Role Of Antibiotics Therapy On Maternal Complication In Women With Premature Rupture Of Membranes
عمومى
General
پژوهشي
Research
Introduction: Rupturing of fetal membranes before week 37 is called preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROMs). The pathogenesis of PPROM is not definite but it seems that many mechanical and physiological etiologies are involved. As the most important risk factors, having a late history of the same disease, genital infection, prepartum bleeding and smoking can be named. Premature rupture of the membranes is usually seen in preterm births and it accounts for about 1/3 of them. Methods: This interventional semi experiencing study was done on patients visiting the Sayyad Shirazi hospital in Gorgan with a chief complaint of leaking fluid in week 24 up to 34 of pregnancy. Noticeable neonatal complications in this study were birth time Apgar, admission in NICU, birth weight and IUGR. All of the neonates entered the study with a gestational age of fewer than 34 weeks and admitted with a diagnosis of probable sepsis. Neonates with congenital abnormalities, asphyxia, respirational distress syndrome, meconium aspiration syndrome and birth weight less than 1000 gram exited the study. Data was analyzed with SPSS16 statistical software and Chi2 test, independent T-test and ANOVA. Findings: Admission length time until labor in the group that did not receive antibiotics was less than the other group and average admission length time between the two groups was statistically meaningful (P=0.00). In the Group that received antibiotics, on order 25, 50 and 75 percent of patients had admission length time of 7, 4 and 12 days and these percentages for the other group are 5, 3 and 7 days. Also, there was not any significance difference between the other two variables, which are the type of labor and fever frequency, and chorioamnionitis. Conclusion: According to the results, usage of antibiotics lengthens the late stage of labor and it is probably effective in decreasing the premature neonate complications. Therefore using of antibiotics in premature rupture of amniotic fluid is suggested.
maternal, PPROM, Premature
53
58
http://intjmi.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-173&slc_lang=en&sid=1
Elham
Mobasheri
10031947532846002789
10031947532846002789
No
Gorgan Congenital Malformations Research Center, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Hamed
Jafarpour
10031947532846002790
10031947532846002790
No
Medical Student, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Arash
Rezaei
10031947532846002791
10031947532846002791
No
Medical Student, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran
Zanbagh
Piraste Far
10031947532846002792
10031947532846002792
Yes
Resident of Gynecology, Research & Development Center Hospital Sayyed Shirazi, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran
Tahereh
Bakhshi
10031947532846002793
10031947532846002793
No
Surgical Technology Student, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Para-Medicine Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran
en
Quality Assessment of RCTs in Cochrane Breast Cancer Review group
عمومى
General
پژوهشي
Research
Introduction: High-quality systematic reviews provide dependable evidence for medical interventions. Bias in Randomized controlled trials may overvalue or undervalue the efficacy of an intervention. There are few systematic reviews which contain all eligible articles on the special issue and thus present the highest quality evidence. Since breast cancer is the most common neoplasm in females, we aim to determine the variations in the risk of bias for randomized controlled trials included in The Cochrane breast cancer review group. Methods: This study was done as a review of RCTs included in Cochrane breast cancer systematic reviews until October 2015. Overall, 47 reviews which included 587 RCTs, were studied to determine the risk of selection, performance, detection, attrition and reporting bias by The Cochrane Collaboration's “Risk of Bias” tool. Then, Microsoft Excel 2013 analyzed data for frequency analyses. Finally, it was assessed if authors have gotten a specific conclusion or not. Findings: The search identified 50 reviews that 3 of them were excluded because of no RCTs inclusion. Finally, 587 RCTs were included for analysis. This study showed that the most and the least reported bias were allocation concealment and detection bias, respectively, which was reported in 93.6% and 48.2% of RCTs. Among 47 included systematic reviews, 33 of them could get a conclusion due to an adequate amount of evidence for their included RCTs and other 14 reviews needed more studies to get a conclusion. Conclusion: According to the results, there was not any study with the only low risk of bias in all categories of bias, so it has concluded that adequate high evidence-based studies such as RCTs are missing in the field of breast cancer.
Cochrane Breast Cancer Review Group, Randomized Controlled Trial, Risk of Bias
59
70
http://intjmi.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-174&slc_lang=en&sid=1
Hananeh
Baradaran
10031947532846002794
10031947532846002794
No
Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Sanaz
Beigzali
10031947532846002795
10031947532846002795
No
Iranian Evidence-Based Medicine Center of Excellence, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Saeedeh
Farshbaf
10031947532846002796
10031947532846002796
No
Iranian Evidence-Based Medicine Center of Excellence, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Amir
Shamshirian
10031947532846002797
10031947532846002797
No
Department of Laboratory Sciences, Student Research Committee, School of Allied Medical Science, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Sakineh
Haj Ebrahimi
10031947532846002798
10031947532846002798
Yes
4Professor of Urology, Iranian Evidence-Based Medicine Center of Excellence, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran